Python Programming

🔹 Python Basics Variables and data types Keywords and identifiers Comments (single-line and multi-line) Input/output (input(), print()) Basic operators (arithmetic, comparison, logical, assignment) 🔹 Data Types and Structures Numbers (int, float, complex) Strings (creating, slicing, formatting) Lists (creating, indexing, methods) Tuples (immutable sequences) Sets (unique items) Dictionaries (key-value pairs) 🔹 Control Flow Conditional statements: if, elif, else Loops: for loop while loop break, continue, and pass statements 🔹 Functions Defining and calling functions Function arguments (default, keyword, variable-length) Return values Scope (local, global variables) Lambda (anonymous) functions 🔹 Modules and Packages Importing built-in modules (math, random, datetime, etc.) Creating and using custom modules Installing external packages using pip Virtual environments (basic intro with venv) 🔹 Exception Handling Try and except blocks else and finally clauses Common exceptions (ValueError, TypeError, etc.) Raising exceptions 🔹 File Handling Reading and writing files File modes (r, w, a, x) Using with statement for file operations Working with CSV and JSON files (basic intro) 🔹 Basic Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Classes and objects __init__ method (constructor) Instance variables and methods Inheritance (simple examples) Introduction to encapsulation and polymorphism 🔹 Useful Built-in Functions & Libraries len(), type(), range(), enumerate(), zip() Math library (math.sqrt(), math.pi, etc.) Random library (random.randint(), random.choice()) Date and time (datetime.now(), strftime()) 🔹 Basic Data Structures and Algorithms (Optional Beginner Top List comprehension Sorting algorithms (sorted(), .sort()) Searching in lists Recursion (basic examples)